Education

Extruded Disc Herniation

Extruded disc herniation means that the jelly is now poking through the last structure to prevent it from actually touching the nerve, the PLL or posterior longitudinal ligament.

Extruded Disc Herniation

Dystonia

Dystonia is an abnormal cramping of the muscle normally not caused by injury to the peripheral nervous system or muscle. It can be associated with a spinal cord injury but most are not related to [...]

Dystonia

Dural Leak

The dura is the outside lining of the sack containing the nerves and spinal cord. Inside this sack are obviously the nerve roots and fluid called CSF or cerebral spinal fluid. A dural leak is [...]

Dural Leak

Degenerative Spondylolisthesis or Spondylolysthesis

Degenerative Spondylolisthesis (Degenerative Spondylolysthesis) is a condition that normally occurs in the lower back but can occur also in the neck. All vertebrae stack up on each other. What holds them together in alignment is [...]

Degenerative Spondylolisthesis or Spondylolysthesis

Degenerative Disc Disease

Degenerative Disc disease is the term used to define the entire degenerative cascade of the disc in the spine. DDD is not truly a disease, but a process due to genetics, injury, wear and tear, [...]

Degenerative Disc Disease

Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (DVT/PE)

Deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (DVT-PE) is a blood clot that can develop in your leg (DVT) and occasionally break off and float to the lungs (PE). Prevention is the key. In the hospital, [...]

Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (DVT/PE)

Thoracic Kyphosis

Kyphosis is the curve noted on the side view. The term, by itself, does not indicate pathology, but just describes the type of the curve. It is normal for thoracic spines to have kyphosis. An [...]

Thoracic Kyphosis

Compressed Nerve

A pinched nerve is the common term that the general public uses for what the medical community calls as compressed nerve. A compressed nerve occurs when a nerve within the spinal canal receives pressure from [...]

Compressed Nerve

Chronic Radiculopathy

Lack of pain relief from nerve decompression- chronic radiculopathy- This is a condition that can occur with a significant compression to a nerve. Normally, compression causes temporary aggravation of the nerve. When the compression is [...]

Chronic Radiculopathy

Bulging Disc

Bulging disc is also a poor term. It can mean a weakness and an out-pouching of the back wall of the disc or can mean an actual herniation. Again this is a non-descriptive term.

Bulging Disc
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