Depending upon the nerve root involved, weakness should be in a specific set of muscles. Since the pain radiates to your hand, I can rule out the C5 nerve (C4-5 level). Do you have biceps, triceps or hand weakness? Where do you have pain in your hand? The thumb side or the pinky side? Is the pain on the palm side or the dorsum (opposite side) of the hand?
I would assume by the readings of the MRI and X-rays that the prior C5-6 fusion level had an autograft that “melted away- very uncommon” or the surgeon used no graft at all. Using no graft was a technique that some neurosurgeons used in the 1990s and which probably continued to be used until about 10 years ago. The reading “C5-6: small broad based disc osteophyte complex with a loss of disc space” could be consistent with that technique.
Could it have been that the original surgery was at C6-7 and the subsequent surgery was to correct a pseudoarthrosis (failed fusion) at the same level?
The radiating pain does sound like radiculopathy (nerve compression) but also could be referral from the shoulder (rotator cuff or other pathology). Identification of the pain source is performed by a thorough history and physical examination, careful review of the images and possible nerve blocks (SNRB-see website).
You need a spine surgeon who can take the time to diagnose you and prescribe or perform the correct procedure, be it injection, PT or surgery.
Dr. Corenman
Donald Corenman, MD, DC is a highly-regarded spine surgeon, considered an expert in the area of neck and back pain. Trained as both a Medical Doctor and Doctor of Chiropractic, Dr. Corenman earned academic appointments as Clinical Assistant Professor and Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery at the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, and his research on spine surgery and rehabilitation has resulted in the publication of multiple peer-reviewed articles and two books.